In January 2009, the DOL issued new FMLA regulations that incorporated the National Defense Authorization Act of 2008, which granted new leave rights to family members of employees in the military. The regulations, for the first time, defined what a “qualifying exigency” is under the law that entitles military families to take leave. Qualified exigencies are divided into seven categories:
Employee benefits have been in the national spotlight right from the start of 2009. From the new FMLA and ADA rules that took effect in January to today’s white-hot health care debate, employers are dealing with important changes and “could-be” changes. Let's look back at the year in benefits and ahead to what could be coming.
The key to determining whether someone has a condition that meets the FMLA’s definition of “serious health condition” is the medical certification the employer receives from a health care provider. But the rules on how to get that certification have changed. Here's what you need to know to comply with the law.
In 2007, the EEOC released a set of guidelines advising employers on issues related to caregiver bias. Following up on that issue, the commission has supplemented those guidelines with recommendations designed to help employers “reduce the chance of EEO violations against caregivers.” It’s imperative that companies begin to train managers and supervisors on the content of this most recent guidance.
Employers enter a legal minefield when they inquire about the health of applicants or employees. State and federal laws—such as the North Carolina Workers’ Compensation Act (WCA), the ADA and the FMLA—overlap, and any misstep can cause a litigation explosion.
A federal jury has awarded $74,000 to Melissa Brown, a former food service director at Plymouth House nursing home in Plymouth Meeting, after the contractor employing her dismissed her when she sought maternity leave. But that was just the beginning ...
If an employee is taking FMLA leave to care for a newborn or to adopt a child, you can require the person to take any planned FMLA leave in one session. FMLA intermittent leave is not guaranteed for birth and adoption the way it is for other serious conditions that require periodic care.
The FMLA now requires employers to give employees serving in the military (or who are next of kin to service members) up to 26 weeks of unpaid leave under specific conditions. While few employers begrudge military families such leave, unforeseen leave can pose scheduling problems as employers come into the summer vacation season.
One of the biggest problems with the FMLA has always been the certification process. Until recently, employers weren’t allowed to call a health care provider whose form looked suspicious or whose diagnosis sounded suspect. Now, fortunately, employers can at least call the medical provider to ask whether the information on the form is accurate and get clarification on any unclear parts.
Employers have to let their employees know about the FMLA so they can take advantage of the leave guaranteed by the law. But if an employee doesn’t take advantage of his FMLA rights, the employer can’t be held liable for not providing leave even if it turns out the employee was eligible.
Q. We received a note from an employee’s physician simply stating that she was ill. On one occasion, she had to go to the emergency room from work, and she subsequently called in sick one day about a month or two later. Is this sufficient notice under the FMLA to require us to regard this as a request for extended FMLA leave?
Q. We have an exempt administrative employee who is on intermittent FMLA leave. She’s unable to work on Fridays for two or three hours due to a serious health condition. By policy, she must use any accrued sick leave when she is out sick, typically in whole-day increments. Can we charge her sick time in hourly intervals because she is utilizing FMLA intermittent leave even if we charge her in larger blocks when she is just plain sick?
Q. I am the HR manager of a company with about 350 employees. I have just learned that the company is eliminating one product line and, as a result, there will be a layoff in that department. One of the employees who would be laid off is on FMLA leave. How do I handle this situation? ...
New FMLA regulations went into effect in January. Now is an excellent time to offer everyone in management a refresher course in what the FMLA requires. If managers remain ignorant of the new rules—or the old ones still in place—you increase the risk that an employee will charge them with willful violations.
Do employees who return from job-protected leave become “untouchable,”
even if they perform poorly? Can holding their feet to
the performance fire look like retaliation? In this new case, an
employer fired a worker just six weeks after her FMLA leave. Six weeks
is like a nano-second on the retaliation stop watch. But the court
still dismissed the case. Why?
For the past 16 years, complying
with the Family and Medical Leave Act has been complex, but at least the law
(once you figured it out) stayed the same. On Jan. 16, that all changed. To help employers,
attorneys, HR professionals and managers around the country better understand
how to implement the new FMLA regulations, BusinessManagementDaily.com
has issued a how-to special report:
FMLA Intermittent Leave: 5 guidelines on managing
intermittent leave and curbing leave abuse under the new FMLA regulations.
Q. When one of our employees requested FMLA leave, we asked for medical certification of a substantial health condition from her health care provider. We received the form, but cannot read some of the physician’s handwriting and do not understand some of the responses. We also need additional information not requested in the medical certification form. Can we seek clarification from the health care provider?
The 4th Circuit Court of Appeals has upheld a verdict of more than $1 million in an FMLA intermittent leave case involving a foreign adoption. The sad fact is that the employer could have avoided the entire problem by studying up on intermittent leave and adoption.
Major policy issues being debated in Washington will likely change the face of HR this year, according to speakers at the SHRM's 2009 Employment Law and Legislative Conference. As a new Democratic Congress gains legislative traction and the Obama administration begins making policy, those issues could also be key to reversing the fiscal meltdown.
The new FMLA regulations that took effect Jan. 16 require you to post the newly updated FMLA poster in your workplace. Advice: Ignore ads from vendors selling the posters. Download them free ...
Regular attendance is a key job function for most of your employees. But while you are free to set and enforce attendance rules, you must also comply with key federal laws, including the FMLA and the ADA ...
Q. We have an employee returning from a leave taken under the FMLA. His physician has issued a fitness-for-duty certificate. However, we question the worker’s ability to perform his old job because the length of his absence was too short for him to recover completely. Also, the fitness-for-duty certificate simply states that he is “able” to work, without addressing his specific job duties. Can we send him to another physician for a second fitness-for-duty examination?
New FMLA regulations go into effect on Jan. 16. Employers must become familiar with these changes and adjust their policies accordingly. Here’s a summary of some of the most important changes to the FMLA.
HR Law 101: Since 1993, the Family and Medical Leave Act has provided eligible employees up to 12 weeks of unpaid, job-protected leave per year for the birth, adoption or foster care of a child; caring for a child, spouse or parent with a serious health condition; or convalescence after an employee’s own serious health condition ...
On Jan. 16, the U.S. Department of Labor’s new FMLA regulations became effective. The most significant changes were to the regulatory scheme for handling employee leave certifications and medical documentation.
Q. An employee has asked for paid FMLA leave for an increment of time that is less than the increment allowed under our company’s paid leave policy. Can the employee be required to take the larger paid leave increment to substitute any accrued paid leave for unpaid FMLA leave?
Just when you thought you had mastered the intricacies of the FMLA, employees and their lawyers have come up with a new trick that could trip you. This one involves how employers calculate attendance under no-fault absenteeism programs.
Employees request time off for doctors' appointments all the time.
But, do you have to grant them? Could the request trigger FMLA rights,
even if the employee was not previously incapacitated or ill for three
or more calendar days? A new court ruling says that if an employee
simply thinks she has a serious condition, she may be able to take FMLA leave to
have it checked out ...
When an employee has a baby or adopts a child, it’s easy to determine that he or she is eligible for FMLA leave. But it gets murkier when the baby who needs care isn’t the employee’s own child. The FMLA regulations list eligible dependent children as those to whom the employee has “day-to-day responsibility to care for and financially support.”
On Nov. 17, the DOL finalized the first major overhaul of FMLA regulations in 15 years. Some changes favor employers; others will make FMLA compliance trickier than ever. They will require changes to your policies.
To qualify for FMLA leave, employees must have worked 1,250 hours in the preceding year. It sounds like a pretty simple calculation, but it’s not. The fact is, you could be allowing leave for employees who aren’t actually eligible for it. Here’s one way to tighten up eligibility ...
Q. Two of our employees (they aren’t married) are having a child together. I know that spouses who work for the same company have to share the 12 weeks of FMLA leave following the birth of a child. Is that also true for unmarried parents in the same workplace?
On Nov. 17, the U.S. Department of Labor finalized the first major overhaul of the FMLA regulations in 15 years. Some changes favor employers, but others will make FMLA compliance trickier than ever. Here's what's in store. BONUS! HR Specialist will hold an audio conference briefing to help you comply with the new regs.
The U.S. Labor Department is set to implement the first major revision of the FMLA since the law was passed in 1993. If approved, the proposed changes could help employers administer the complex 15-year-old law and avoid lawsuits. But the proposal carries a few extra burdens for employers, too.
If your employee handbook has been gathering dust, now’s the time to update it. Start by doing a quick audit. Spend a half-hour today ensuring your handbook meets these six criteria.
By one vote, the Connecticut Supreme Court ruled that the state’s law requiring same-sex couples to enter into civil unions rather than marriages was unconstitutional. Connecticut now becomes the third state—after Massachusetts and California—to recognize same-sex marriages. Connecticut employers must now alter their employment policies and benefits to match the patchwork of federal and state laws that this decision creates.
Your FMLA
policy tells employees they can take up to 12 weeks of unpaid FMLA
leave each year. But does your policy define “year”? If not, a court
may do it for you—in the employee’s favor, of course …
When it comes to maternity or childbirth leave, women have at least two federal laws that protect them from possible discrimination: the FMLA and the Pregnancy Discimination Act. Employers who understand that the FMLA and the PDA work together aren’t likely to make mistakes that result in lawsuits ...
Many small employers aren’t covered by the FMLA because they don’t have 50 or more employees. But if you’re considering adding temp help from an outside agency to handle a workload spike, get out your calculator first. If you’re not careful, you could wind up triggering FMLA liability for everyone who works for you ...
An Indiana employer must now respond to charges it misled employees when it promised FMLA benefits in its handbook, even though the company is too small to be covered by the FMLA. The case, recently decided by the 7th Circuit Court of Appeals, shows the problems that arise when employers promise more than they are willing to deliver in their employee handbooks ...
No federal law mandates that employees who are in state-sanctioned same-sex unions must receive the same employee benefits that heterosexual married couples receive. But the writing is on the wall. And even employers in states that ban same-sex unions may find themselves targeted by advocates for greater benefits ...
FMLA regulations provide employers with four options for calculating how much leave employees are entitled to at any given time. But if you don’t select a method and let employees know, the DOL says you must use the one most beneficial to the employee. That may mean doing four calculations every time an employee wants FMLA leave ...
We have an employee who has worked for us for more than 12 months, but not 12 consecutive months (he left, and then we rehired him). Now this employee is requesting FMLA leave. Must the months of employment required to be eligible for FMLA leave be consecutive? ...
Are you concerned about possible FMLA abuse? The law and FMLA regulations allow employers to insist on receiving FMLA certification forms directly from a health care provider’s office—and not by way of the employee. That way, there’s little chance the employee can alter what the doctor has certified ...
Q. We lease some of our workers from an agency. The agency handles all personnel needs of its employees, but our supervisors provide day-to-day direction to the workers. One of our agency employees, Jane, informed the agency that she was taking FMLA leave for her pregnancy. While Jane was out on leave, the agency supplied us with a replacement, Mary. Jane’s FMLA leave is over, and the agency wants to send her back. We would prefer to keep Mary. Does the FMLA oblige us to let Mary go and bring Jane back? ...
The recently enacted Ohio Veterans Package amends the Ohio Civil Rights Act to bar discrimination based on “military status.” As a result, Ohio employers now face new legal requirements on both the state and federal fronts for how they treat military employees and their families ...
The U.S. Labor Department has announced it plans to update FMLA regulations. The proposed regulations make it clear that employees will be able to settle past FMLA violation claims. Now a recent case spells out under what circumstances a release will be contractually and legally binding ...
The FMLA is undergoing change. In early 2008, Congress made the first significant amendments to the law since it was enacted almost 15 years ago in 1993. Only a few weeks later, the U.S. Labor Department published proposed changes to its FMLA regulations ...
On Jan. 28, 2008, President Bush signed into law the first significant amendment to the Family and Medical Leave Act of 1993. Because of the significant changes to this important and complex statute, we have provided answers below to the most frequently asked questions regarding the changes to the FMLA ...
Employers with 50 or more employees that are subject to the requirements of the FMLA, take note: Significant developments are under way: A new law extends leave benefits to military families, and the U.S. Labor Department is revamping regulations interpreting employers’ obligations under the FMLA ...
After remaining untouched for its first 15 years, the FMLA has received a makeover in the past couple of months—first by Congress, and then by regulators at the U.S. Labor Department. Here are the highlights ...
The U.S. Labor Department has announced proposed revisions to the FMLA regulations. Also, the National Defense Authorization Act for FY 2008 amended the FMLA to provide leave for eligible employees to care for injured service members and to deal with any “qualifying exigency” arising out of the fact that a covered family member is on active duty or has been notified of an impending call to active duty ...
Q. Can an employee who is receiving workers’ compensation wage continuation benefits be required to use sick, vacation and personal leave time to cover days missed due to the work-related injury? ...
The U.S. Labor Department has published proposed FMLA regulations, which may change the way employers handle FMLA leave. The dual-purpose proposal includes changes to certain existing FMLA regulations and new military family leave entitlements ...
Employees who are alcoholics may be disabled under the ADA and are entitled to reasonable accommodations for treatment. That treatment also qualifies the employee for FMLA leave. But it doesn’t mean you have to tolerate or forgive unauthorized absences to indulge an alcoholic binge ...
The U.S. Labor Department yesterday took a big step toward clarifying some of the most confusing aspects of the Family and Medical Leave Act (FMLA). The agency issued a series of proposed changes to the law that, if finalized, could help employers administer the complex 15-year-old law and avoid lawsuits. But the proposal carries a few extra burdens for employers, too.
Q. Our receptionist has been certified as eligible for intermittent FMLA leave for migraines. When she calls in sick without notice, it really disrupts our workplace; we have to pull someone from another position to cover her duties. Can I transfer her to another position where we can better accommodate her absences? ...
For the first time since it became law in 1993, the FMLA has been amended. President Bush signed H.R. 4986 in January. The law grants FMLA-protected leave to workers who care for injured soldiers and families of reservists called to duty ...
The FMLA has a built-in penalty for intentionally interfering with the law. Courts can double the damages when they believe an employer acted to circumvent the FMLA. Acting in good faith is the key. Even if a court finds in favor of an employee’s FMLA complaint, you may be able to avoid paying double if you can show you carefully considered whether the employee was eligible for FMLA leave ...
Employees with “serious health conditions” can take FMLA leave. But
when does that serious condition take effect for employees who need
alcohol treatment? Is it when the employee first contacts a doctor to
get a referral for in-patient treatment … or is it at the time of
check-in? Can you fire an employee for absenteeism prior to going in to rehab? One court ruling last week says you can ...
When an employee needs time off due to a mental or physical impairment, he or she potentially could have rights under both the ADA and the FMLA. You must first determine whether one or both laws cover the employee. From there, you’ll know which rights the employee has. And any decision you make must take these rights into account ...
Q. Does all prenatal care qualify for FMLA leave, or does the female employee need to have complications to qualify? Also, can a husband take leave for his wife’s prenatal care, such as accompanying her to an ultrasound? ...
A key FMLA regulation says, “Employees cannot waive, nor may employers induce employees to waive, their rights under FMLA.” But does that rule apply to waivers of future FMLA violations as well as when they sign settlement agreements based on past FMLA violations? ...
The U.S. Labor Department, the agency that administers the Family and Medical Leave Act, recently collected 15,000 public comments on the law’s effectiveness. A top employer complaint: productivity problems caused by employee use (and abuse) of intermittent leave. Managing intermittent leave can be vexing, but the law does give employers some tools to combat FMLA leave abuse ...
If you don’t track hours worked (for example, if you have exempt employees who come and go as they please), you may find yourself in hot water if you claim an employee hasn’t worked enough hours to be eligible for FMLA leave. The FMLA regulations make it clear that if “an employer does not maintain accurate records of hours worked by an employee … the employer has the burden of showing that the employee has not worked the requisite hours” ...
The 4th Circuit Court of Appeals has decided that waiving employers’ past violations of the FMLA requires approval from a court or the U.S. Labor Department. That gives employees a leg up if they sue their employers for violating the FMLA. At the heart of the case is an FMLA regulation that states, “Employees cannot waive their rights under FMLA” ...
The Family and Medical Leave Act entitles eligible employees to take up to 12 weeks of unpaid leave per year for their own “serious health condition,” care of a spouse, child or parent with a serious health condition, or for childbirth or adoption.The U.S. Labor Department recently collected 15,000 public comments about the pros and cons of the law. The department may use those comments to help develop regulations that clarify the confusing parts of the law, but no regulations are imminent ...
The FMLA provides employees with up to 12 weeks off to care for a child suffering from a serious health condition. But when the child is an adult, the rules change, making it much harder for employees to qualify for leave. Here’s why: FMLA regulations say that FMLA leave for children older than 18 is available only if the child is disabled under the definition in the ADA ...
You no doubt know how hard it is to juggle shifts and schedules to accommodate employees who need FMLA time off. You rely on those employees to tell you as far in advance as possible that they need time off, and then rearrange schedules and workloads to be as accommodating as possible. You can and should be a stickler for getting as much notice as possible. Don’t worry: FMLA doesn’t permit an employee to unilaterally demand you immediately assign him or her to a different schedule ...
Q. When determining the amount of leave an employee has used, do holidays count against the 12-week entitlement under the FMLA or the California Family Rights Act (CFRA)? ...
Employers must post a copy of the approved federal FMLA poster “conspicuously” in the workplace. Neglecting to do so opens the door for lawsuits if you discipline employees for absences that would have been covered by FMLA. Those employees may claim they didn’t ask for FMLA leave because they weren’t familiar with the law ...
Chances are your employees are happier with the 14-year-old FMLA than you are. A new U.S. Labor Department report says employees would like to expand the law to create longer leaves and paid leaves. But employers argue that the law’s vague wording (and employees’ ability to play games with FMLA) create legal and productivity nightmares. Here are the main problems employers have with the FMLA, according to Labor’s report ...
For the first time, the state of Florida has passed a leave law that affects the private sector. The newly minted Domestic Violence Leave Law provides time off to employees who suffer domestic abuse ...
While employees love the Family and Medical Leave Act (FMLA) and want to see it expanded, the law is causing productivity, scheduling and legal headaches for employers, according to a new U.S. Labor Department report that summarizes 15,000 public comments on the FMLA. Here are employers' main complaints, plus a 10-step plan to help you comply with the FMLA.
Although the Workers’ Compensation Reform bill recently signed into law provides just a skeletal outline of what New York’s workers’ comp program will one day look like, both business and labor groups are cautiously optimistic ...
When it comes to a pregnancy, employers may want to follow the safest path: Approve any absences that are even remotely related to the pregnancy as FMLA-covered time off ...
Q. The out-of-town daughter of our employee has been confined to bed rest during her pregnancy. The daughter is 24. Our employee has requested FMLA leave to be with her and take care of the grandchildren. Are we required to honor this request?—J.B.
Must you allow an employee to return after FMLA leave if you don't think she's physically ready? She could injure herself if she returns. But if you block her return, you could face a failure-to-reinstate FMLA lawsuit. Begin the return-to-work process earlier to see if she still has the ability to perform the job's essential functions ...
Don't assume that an employee's three-day absence and two doctor's visits will automatically equal a "serious health condition" that qualifies the employee for FMLA leave. A new court ruling says it matters when those two doctor's visits occur ...
Pennsylvania employers can look to a recent 3rd Circuit Court decision to keep their bonus plans in compliance with the FMLA. The case is the first of its kind in the country and provides employers with guidance beyond that found in the FMLA's regulations. The decision is now law in Pennsylvania, Delaware, New Jersey and the Virgin Islands ...
Make it a point to train supervisors on how to manage employees' leaves that could be covered under the FMLA. Otherwise, don't expect to plead ignorance if they make a mistake. A court could zap you with double damages under the FMLA's liquidated-damages rule ...
Q. We understand that employees on FMLA leave don't lose investment toward retirement plans. Leave time is counted as work time. But our policy says that if employees are out for more than 30 days, their anniversary dates will change. Accrued paid-time off and vacation time will be based on the new anniversary date. Can we do this? —K.A., Connecticut
Q. We have a point system for absences and lateness. Our no-fault attendance policy states that if employees call off after the start of their shift, they’ll receive two points. What if the reason for the absence is covered by the FMLA? Should the employee still receive the two points? —C.S., Florida
Make sure your supervisors (and you) know how to respond when an employee requests leave for his or her own serious illness or a family member's illness. If you don't follow the FMLA's rules on how and when to request written proof about the illness or injury, you lose your right to challenge the employee's leave request ...
Q. Many of my employees request FMLA leave to return to their native countries to care for sick relatives, or they request personal medical leave due to a “sudden illness” that occurs while visiting those countries. In some cases, these countries don’t have regulated physicians. Documents can be easily obtained from any street vendor. Are U.S. employers required to accept these documents? —L.W.
After years of delay and missed deadlines, the U.S. Labor Department appears ready to move ahead with its promised update to FMLA regulations. But before it breaks out the red pen, the agency is seeking input from employers and other interested parties ...
If you require employees to use accumulated sick leave, vacation time or other paid leave when they’re out on FMLA leave, be aware of a little-known trap: If that employee also is receiving payments through a disability plan, you can’t force the person to use up his or her accumulated paid leave ...
HR Law 101: When employees are on FMLA leave, employers must continue to provide health benefits for them. The same services your group plan provides on-the-job employees must be made available to those on FMLA leave. If you change coverage or adopt another plan that offers new services while employees are on leave, you must make the new benefits available to them as well ...
When employees return from FMLA leave, they should be given the same or equivalent position with equivalent benefits. FMLA regulations say that bonuses for "job-related performance, such as for perfect attendance" ...
Issue: Severance packages usually ask departing employees to waive their rights to file various employment lawsuits. Risk: If you include FMLA in that mix, you'll risk having the whole package ...
While the FMLA allows employees time off to care for a sick spouse, child or parent, such "care" doesn't have to be physical. FMLA regulations say employees can take FMLA leave ...
In severance agreements, employers typically require employees to sign promises not to file employment-related lawsuits. But don't try to include FMLA rights in that waiver. Why? A new ruling ...
Issue: Some supervisors think about FMLA only if an employee explicitly says "I need FMLA leave." Risk: In reality, employees don't need to use the term "FMLA." Failing to recognize ...
When employees request leave, especially for unforeseen circumstances, they don't need to assert their FMLA rights explicitly by saying, "I need FMLA leave." In fact, they don't need to mention FMLA ...
Issue: Courts continue to ambush employers' attempts to tighten leave-notification procedures. Risk: Following a policy that violates federal law. Action: Route employee-absence calls to one person (possibly you) who ...
Can your organization require employees to give notice of their need for FMLA in a way that's more stringent than the standards set by federal law? Courts are split on this ...
When it comes to judging whether an employee's serious health condition qualifies for Family and Medical Leave Act (FMLA) protection, require at least three consecutive, full days of incapacity. A new ...
Issue: Court raises threshold for employees to qualify for FMLA leave. Benefit: Workers can take FMLA leave if they have a serious condition causing three consecutive full days of incapacity, ...
Reginald Moore, a security-guard supervisor at a Virginia courthouse, told his boss he needed time off to care for his wife who had emphysema. A few months later, Moore said he ...
Gladys Navarro asked her employer, Pfizer Corp., for Family and Medical Leave Act (FMLA) leave because she wanted to take care of her adult daughter who was ordered to bed rest ...
When her three-year-old son awoke with a high fever, congestion and an earache, Juanita Caldwell got permission from an assistant manager to miss her morning ...
